Newsletter 12

Author Style Sheet The Medieval Chronicle (English)                                     (2013)

1. Presentation
Your text should be submitted in a Word format. Leave wide margins to allow space for the copy-editor’s annotations. Use double spacing throughout, includ­ing quotations, bibliography and notes. Provide a heading with your name, and number each page at the top right-hand corner.

2. Subsection Headings or Titles
Apart from the first word, which should have an initial capital, use roman bold lower case, left aligned, with or without numbering. Leave no space between subsection heading or title and text.
3. Italics and Single Quotation Marks
Use italics for titles of books and journals, and for foreign words. Do not italicize foreign words which are now in common English use: vice versa, status quo, laissez-faire. Titles of poems (unless book length), chapters and articles should be in roman with single quotation marks. Put individual texts in collections, as in Boccaccio’s Decamerone or Chaucer’s Canterbury Tales, in single quotation marks: ‘The Knight’s Tale’ .

4. Abbreviations and Contractions
Use roman for: c. (circa; not followed by a space, so c.1234), ibid., e.g., i.e., et al., but italics for ad hoc, de facto, [sic], the latter in square brackets.

Do not use full stops in abbreviations consisting of capital letters only: MGH (Monumenta Germaniae Historica), or EETS (Early English Text Society). Use italics if the expanded version is italicized: DNB (Dictionary of National Biography). Use an abbreviation (without full stops) such as ME, OF before a linguistic form but not in running prose: Middle English verse; the Old French language. Do not use the abbreviations MS or MSS in running prose, but write the words in full. If you do use the abbreviated form (e.g. in a reference to a particular manuscript), omit full stop.

Elsewhere, use a full stop at the end of a truncation/abbreviation which does not include the final letter of the word: p. (page), Fr. (French), ed. (editor), trans. (translator). Do not use a full stop after a contraction which ends with the final letter of the word: Dr, edn (edition); fols. and vols. are exceptions.

5. Dates
Dates should be in the form Friday, 30 September 1312; 30 September 1312; 30 September; September 1312. BC follows the date, but AD precedes it: 30 BC; AD 451. Deaths: †1472 (no space).

6. Numbers
Numbers below 20 should be spelt out, except in series or tables. Centuries should be spelt out: thirteenth century; with a hyphen when used adjectivally: thirteenth-century writers.
Elision of numbers: to the last two digits, so 11-18, 107-08, 243-44, 246-76, 2435-38, but 7419-510.

7. Punctuation
Do not use commas before the final ‘and’ or ‘or’ in lists: Arthur, Gawain and Launcelot. Do not use apostrophes in decades: the nineties, the 1450s, or in plural forms such as PhDs.

8. Upper and Lower Case
Use lower case for pronouns referring to God. Use caps in King Arthur (where it is a title), but lower case for terms signifying rank, as in: Arthur, king of England; Richard, duke of York. Use lower case for ‘medieval’ but capitals for ‘Middle Ages’.

9. Quotations
Quotations of up to four lines (around fifty words) should be incorporated into the text within single quotation marks. Use double quotation marks for quota­tions within quotations.

Quotations of more than four lines should be indented and typed without quotation marks.

Use square brackets if you insert any words into a quotation.

Where a quotation forms a complete sentence, place the quotation mark outside the concluding stop, whether a full stop, question mark or exclamation mark. Where the quotation ends a sentence of your own, place the quotation mark inside the concluding stop of your sentence.

If you quote more than once from the same text, use an abbreviated title, plus book, chapter and/or the line or page reference. Put these in brackets at the end of the quotation.

Examples of references to sources in indented quotations:

E cuemo quier que las estorias de los gentiles cuenten que este caual­lero que a Juliano mato que fue de los de la otra parte, fallamos nos escripto en la uida de sant Basilio, arçobispo de Cesarea, que este cauallero fue sant Mercurio el martir. (PCG I: 201a)

(And although the histories of the gentiles tell that this horseman who killed Julian was one of the opposite party, we find written in the life of Saint Basil, archbishop of Caesarea, that this horseman was Saint Mer­cury, the martyr.)

Or:

Cum mecum multa et de multis saepius animo reuoluens in hystoriam regum Britanniae inciderem, in mirum contuli quod infra mentionem quam de eis Gildas et Beda luculento tractatu fecerant nichil de regibus qui ante incarnationem Christi inhabitauerant, nichil etiam de Arturo ceterisque compluribus qui post incarnationem successerunt repperis­sem, cum et gesta eorum digna aeternitate laudis constarent et a multis populis quasi inscripta iocunde et memoriter praedicentur.

(While my mind was often pondering many things in many ways, my thoughts turned to the history of the kings of Britain, and I was sur­prised that, among the references to them in the fine works of Gildas and Bede, I had found nothing concerning the kings who lived here before Christ’s Incarnation, and nothing about Arthur and the many others who succeeded after it, even though their deeds were worthy of eternal praise and are proclaimed by many people as if they had been entertainingly and memorably written down; HRB § 1, pp. 5, 4)

10. Paragraphs
Use indentation to signal the start of a paragraph (except after a title, e.g. of a subsection, or a line of white). If you do not do this, it is often difficult to tell after an indented quotation whether a new paragraph is intended.

11. Spelling
For English, adopt the spellings of the Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Where there are alternative ‑ise/‑ize spellings, use the latter. Spell ‘medieval’ with ‘e’, not ‘ae’.

12. Notes
Notes should be indicated by superscript numbers and listed at the end of the article. A superscript number should follow the adjacent punctuation: ‘the ear­liest known text’,⁴ (not ‘the earliest known text’⁴, or ‘the earliest known text⁴’,).

13. References

All papers must be followed by a bibliography with full details. Therefore references in the body of the text or in the notes may be limited to author, date and page. Such references should be given between brackets, e.g. ‘… as has recently been argued (Ainsworth 2006)’, or ‘… as said by Dumville (2002: 21)’. In case more than three authors/texts are referred to, the reference should be given in a note.

 

14. Bibliography

The bibliography should comprise two categories:

Primary sources / Sources / Quellen

Secondary literature / Études / Sekundärliteratur

Entries under primary sources should give the author’s name first (if known), followed by the title; the title is followed by the name of the editor or translator. Make sure you use the form of the author’s name as is given in the title of the work, with first name or initials preceding surname, and with spaces between initials and between initials and surname: E. T. Donaldson.

Series title and number: title in roman (if initials only, use caps without spaces between them; no commas between sets of initials: EETS ES, MHG SS). Series number in arabic numerals, without punctuation between series title and numerals: Studies of the Warburg Institute 32; EETS ES 74; if citing a two-volume text, put a comma between the two numerals: EETS OS 131, 136.

Number of edition if not first: give numbers as 2nd, 3rd (not spelt out); abbrevi­ate edition as edn, without full stop. Number of volumes if more than one: 2 vols.

Place, publisher and year(s) of publication: enclosed in brackets. Do not precede bracket by comma. Include publisher only for post-WW II publications. In case of a photographic reprint which is not a new edition, cite the original date only, and place, publisher and date of the reprint. If the text is multi-volume, give first and last years of publication in the form ‘ 1904–1913’; in references give volume number in roman numeral capitals, not preceded by ‘vol.’, e.g. ‘… according to Noble (1999: II, 683)’.

Page number(s) of passage cited: preceded by ‘p.’ or ‘pp.’, unless a volume or series number has been included, in which case omit ‘p.’ (see example in previous paragraph). Give first and last pages of citation, in the form ‘pp. 231-37’, not ‘pp. 231 ff.’ If citing two separate pages, use comma: 21, 34.

If abbreviated titles are used for referencing, indicate that as follows:

– ‘Referred to as [abbr. title], followed by book/chapter number in roman, and page/line quoted in arabic’

– ‘Angeführt als [  ], mit Kapittel und Seite in römische/arabische Zahlen’

– ‘La référence [  ], suivi par le numéro de volume en chiffres romains, et de la page citée / du paragraphe cité en chiffres arabes’

For further details consult the following sample bibliography, mainly based on Noble (2004).

Primary sources

[Choniates, Nicetas]. O City of Byzantium. Trans. H. G. Margoulias. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1984.

Clari, Robert de. La Conquête de Constantinople. Ed. P. Lauer. CFMA 40. Paris: Champion, 1924.

[Clari, Robert de]. The Conquest of Constantinople translated from the Old French of Robert of Clari. Trans. Edgar H. McNeal. New York: Octagon Books, 1966.

[Villehardouin, Geoffroy de]. La Conquête de Constantinople. Ed. Jean Dufournet. Paris: Garnier-Flammarion, 1969.

Valenciennes, Henri de. Histoire de l’Empereur Henri de Constantinople. Publiée par Jean Longnon. Paris: Librairie Orientaliste Paul Geuthner, 1948.

Joinville. Vie de saint Louis. Ed. Jacques Monfrin. Paris: Classiques Garnier, 1998.

Joinville and Villehardouin: Chronicles of the Crusades. Trans. Margaret R. B. Shaw. London: Penguin Books, 1963.

Secondary Literature

Beer, J. M. A. (1968). Villehardouin, Epic Historian. Études de philologie et d’histoire 7. Geneva: Droz.

––– (1970). ‘Villehardouin and the Oral Narrative.’ Studies in Philology 67: 267-77.

Boutet, D. (1979). Littérature, Politique et Société dans la France du Moyen Age. Paris: Presses Universitaires de France.

––– (1997). ‘Y a-t-il une idéologie royale dans la Vie de saint Louis de Joinville?’ In Dufournet/Harf (1997). 71-99.

Contamine, P. (1997). ‘Joinville, acteur et spectateur de la guerre d’outremer.’ In Dufournet/Harf (1997). 33-49.

Dufournet, J. (1973). Les Ecrivains de la IVe croisade: Villehardouin et Clari. Paris: Société d’Edition d’Enseignement supérieur.

Dufournet, Jean, et Laurence Harf, eds. (1997). Le Prince et son historien. Paris: Champion.

Gaucher, E. (1997). ‘Joinville et l’écriture biographique.’ In Dufournet/Harf (1997). 101-22.

Kooper, E. S., ed. (2004). The Medieval Chronicle. III. Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on the Medieval Chronicle. Doorn/Utrecht 12-17 July 2002. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

Lipscomb, Andrew D., ed. (1990). ‘A Fifteenth-Century Prose Paraphrase of Robert of Gloucester’s Chronicle.’ Unpublished PhD-Thesis. University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

Longnon, J. (1948). See Valenciennes, Henri de.

––– (1966). See Clari, Robert de.

––– (1978). Les Compagnons de Villehardouin: recherches sur les croisés de la quatrième croisade. Hautes Etudes médiévales et modernes 30. Geneva: Droz.

Monfrin, Jacques (1998). See Joinville. Vie de saint Louis.

Noble, P. (1998). ‘Military Leadership in the Old French Epic.’ In Reading around the Epic. Ed. M. Ailes, P. E. Bennett and K. Pratt. London: King’s College. London: Centre for Late Antique and Medieval Studies, 1998. 171-92.

––– (1999). ‘L’Influence de l’épopée sur la chronique d’Henri de Valenciennes.’ In Plaist vos oïr bone cançon vallant? Mélanges de Langue et de Littérature médiévales offerts à François Suard. 2 vols. Ed. D. Boutet, M-M Castellani, F. Ferrand et A. Petit. Lille: Presses Universitaires de Lille. II, 681-89.

––– (2004). ‘Epic Heroes in Thirteenth-Century French Chroniclers.’ In Kooper (2004). 135-48.

Manuscripts

Manuscripts should be identified by location and shelfmark, not just by name: Findern manuscript (Cambridge University Library, Ff. i. 6). In refer­ences to recto or verso of a leaf, put ‘fol.’ with space before numeral; use ‘fols.’ for plural. Specify recto and verso by ‘r’ and ‘v’ without a space between numeral and letter: fol. 44r; fol. 12v. Specify columns by ‘a’ and ‘b’, without space: fol. 44ra; fol. 12vb. Put line numbers last: fol. 44ra9; fol. 12v21. In first references to manuscripts give location and then shelfmark, omitting ‘MS’. Omit place-name if it is included in the name of the library: Lincoln Cathedral Library, 91. If the location includes the word ‘Library’ or its foreign equivalent, put a comma before the shelfmark; otherwise omit comma: Oxford, Balliol College 354.

Further examples:

Oxford, Bodleian Library, Rawlinson C 398, fol. 28v

London, British Library, Caligula A.ix, fol. 44r

London, British Library, Additional 37049

Cambridge, Trinity College O.2.53, fols. 12v-14r.

Subsequent references may be shortened, e.g. Rawlinson C 398, fol. 28v, or BL Add. 37049 (omit comma after BL).

14. Titles and Quotations in Languages Other than that of your Paper

Use the original titles, not translations (unless the translation is being specifi­cally referred to): Historia regum Britanniae, not The History of the Kings of Britain.

– For Latin titles: use capital letters for the first word and any proper nouns, e.g. De consolatione Philosophiae.

– For German titles: use capital letters for the first word and any nouns, e.g. Quellen zur Geschichte der ostdeutschen Kolonisation.

– For French titles: use capital letters for the first word and any proper nouns. If the first word is an article, capitalize the first noun and any intervening adjec­tives. If the first word is neither an article nor an adjective, put all the following words in lower case: La Mort le roi Artu; Le Bel Inconnu, ‘Quand les princes n’épousaient pas les bergères’.

Quotations in the body of the text of more than a few words in languages other than that of the paper (e.g. Latin, Old Icelandic, Arabic, etc.) should normally be translated. The translation should follow the quotation, enclosed in round brackets.

15. References to the Bible
Give the name of the book in roman, preceded by number of the book, if necessary, in roman numerals; chapter and verse(s) in arabic numerals, separated by a full stop: Isaiah 4.4; II Timothy 3.10-17. Use the Vulgate numbering for Psalms.